英語(yǔ)句子成分和英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解,形式主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ),英語(yǔ)句子成分和英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解,名詞代詞數(shù)詞形容詞副詞介詞短語(yǔ)形容詞化的分詞,對(duì)賓語(yǔ)特殊疑問(wèn)詞助動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞原形其他。
英語(yǔ)句子成分講解
英語(yǔ)句子成分和英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解
1.主語(yǔ)(subject):句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。
Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動(dòng)名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)Whatheneedsisabook.(主語(yǔ)從句)
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ))
2.謂語(yǔ)(predicate):說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。
WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.
3.表語(yǔ)(predicative):系動(dòng)詞之后的成分,表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。
Heisateacher.(名詞)Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.(代詞)Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語(yǔ))Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)
Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語(yǔ)從句)
(常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有:be,sound(聽(tīng)起來(lái)),look(看起來(lái)),feel(摸起來(lái),smell(聞起來(lái)),taste(嘗、吃起來(lái)),remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺(jué))...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.
Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.
Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.
4.賓語(yǔ):1)動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓
IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)
Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動(dòng)名詞)
Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(賓語(yǔ)從句)
2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓
Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3)雙賓語(yǔ)-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)
Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
5.賓補(bǔ):對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充,全稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語(yǔ))Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)
Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過(guò)去分詞)
6.定語(yǔ):修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。
AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)
Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過(guò)去分詞)
Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語(yǔ)從句)
7.狀語(yǔ):用來(lái)修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。
表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。(以下例句按上述順序排列)Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.
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Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.
Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
8.同位語(yǔ).與句中的某一成分,常常是名詞或代詞,是同一意思,可互相替換.?
9.主補(bǔ):對(duì)主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充。
Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
句子結(jié)構(gòu)----簡(jiǎn)單句的五個(gè)基本句型
1.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞Shecame./Myheadaches.
2.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)ShelikesEnglish.
3.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Sheishappy.
4.主語(yǔ)+雙賓動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)ShegaveJohnabook.Sheboughtabookforme.
5.主語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)Shemakeshermotherangry.
Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
(There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.)
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